Hint: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway and an anaerobic source of energy in almost all the organisms. It is also known as the EMP pathway in honor of its major contributor towards its discovery. As during this process oxygen is not required so its main function is to provide energy in the absence of oxygen(Anaerobic respiration).
Complete answer:
Input for the breakdown of 1 glucose molecule in glycolysis is 2 ATP and the output is 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules.
Metabolic pathway which provides anaerobic source of energy in all organisms is glycolysis. Glycolysis is also known as the EMP pathway in honor of their contributors towards its discovery. This process entails oxidation of glucose molecules, the most crucial organic fuel in plants, animals and microbes. In glycolysis 2 ATP molecules are consumed with the production of 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules per molecule of glucose. The formed pyruvate can be used as a precursor in the citric acid cycle.
Glycolysis ultimately splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules. Glycolysis has two phases. The first one is the “investment” phase and the second one is the “payoff” phase. All these reactions are catalyzed by its own enzyme ‘phosphofructokinase’ which controls the speed of glycolysis. Glycolysis occurs in both aerobic and anaerobic states. Under aerobic conditions the net production of ATP is 32 molecules while under anaerobic conditions the net production of ATP is 2 molecules.
During glycolysis, glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy; a total of 2 ATP is derived in the process (Glucose + 2 $NAD^+$ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi -> 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 $H^+$ + 2 ATP + 2 $H_2O$). Hydroxyl group of glucose allows for phosphorylation. The specific form of glucose in glycolysis is glucose-6-phosphate.
Note:
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway and an anaerobic source of energy in almost all the organisms. It is also known as the EMP pathway in honor of its major contribution towards its discovery. Its main function is to provide energy in the absence of oxygen(Anaerobic respiration). Input for 1 glucose molecule is 2 ATP and the output is 4 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate molecules.
