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AP Biology Help » Cellular Biology » Cell Functions » Cellular Respiration » Understanding Glycolysis
Example Question #41 : Understanding Glycolysis
Glycolysis takes place inside the cytoplasm of a cell. Which is not a product or reactant of this process?
Possible Answers:
Pyruvate
All of the answer choices are involved in glycolysis.
Oxygen
Glucose
ATP
Correct answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is neither a product nor reactant in glycolysis. Glycolysis is unique in that it takes place within the cytoplasm of the cell and does not require oxygen. It is an anaerobic reaction that produces pyruvate, NAD, and ATP. Know the products and reactants of glycolysis.
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Example Question #42 : Understanding Glycolysis
In cell respiration, glucose is converted to pyruvate in which of the following metabolic pathways?
Possible Answers:
Gluconeogenesis
Light dependent reaction
Oxidative phosphorylation
Krebs cycle
Glycolysis
Correct answer:
Glycolysis
Explanation:
The correct answer to this question is glycolysis.
We can know this if we remember that glycolysis is a ten step anaerobic, not aerobic pathway that uses the 6 carbon sugar known as glucose and converts it to 2 pyruvate molecules. All of the other answers do not use glucose and convert it to pyruvate.
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Example Question #43 : Understanding Glycolysis
Which of the following are not produced during the reactions of glycolysis?
Possible Answers:
ATP
NADH
Heat
Pyruvate
Carbon dioxide
Correct answer:
Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
The correct answer to this question is carbon dioxide.
Carbon dioxide is not produced during glycolysis. Remember in glycolysis one glucose molecule yields 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH. Heat is also given off in form of energy as we went over before. Carbon dioxide is involved in other processes.
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Example Question #44 : Understanding Glycolysis
Which of the following processes occurs in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
Possible Answers:
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis and fermentation
Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA
Fermentation and chemiosmosis
Correct answer:
Glycolysis and fermentation
Explanation:
The correct answer to this question is glycolysis and fermentation.
Glycolysis and fermentation occur in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell. Chemiosmosis occurs in the inner mitochondrial membraneand thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts in eukaryotes. The citric acid cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria so the answer has to be glycolysis and fermentation
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Example Question #45 : Understanding Glycolysis
In comparison to fermentation, the aerobic pathway of glucose metabolism yields more of what?
Possible Answers:
Ethanol
ATP
Pyruvate
Ammonium
Acetaldehyde
Correct answer:
ATP
Explanation:
The correct answer to this question is ATP.
Fermentation is the metabolic process that takes place in anaerobic environments to regenerate for glycolysis. ATP is the main product of cellular respiration and the molecular energy of the cell. The aerobic metabolism results in a very high yield of these energies because it can use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.
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Example Question #41 : Cellular Respiration
In anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into __________in an effort to regenerate __________.
Possible Answers:
lactate . . .
alcohol . . .
lactate . . . ATP
lactate . . . carbon dioxide
Correct answer:
lactate . . .
Explanation:
Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is not enough oxygen necessary for pyruvate to be shunted to the citric acid cycle. In the absence of oxygen, lactate is formed. The purpose of forming lactate is to also regenerate , as can be used in a cyclical fashion to continue the process of cellular respiration. When oxygen supply returns, the pyruvate will be shunted away from the production of lactate and instead go to the citric acid cycle.
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Example Question #46 : Understanding Glycolysis
Which of these processes occurs in both photosynthesis and respiration?
Possible Answers:
citric acid cycle
chemiosmosis
Krebs cycle
glycolysis
Calvin cycle
Correct answer:
chemiosmosis
Explanation:
Chemiosmosis is the coupling of the movement of electrons down the electron transport chain with the formation of ATP by utilizing the force of the proton gradient. Think about it this way, the creation of ATP is needed in both photosynthesis and respiration and this is why it is involved in both.
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Example Question #48 : Understanding Glycolysis
Whichof the following statements regarding glycolysis is correct?
Possible Answers:
glycolysis is the first step in anaerobic respiration but not aerobic respiration
glycolysis can occur only with oxygen
glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
glycolysis leads to the production of 2 ATP, 1 NADH, and 2 pyruvate
glycolysis involves the production of G5P or glucose-5-phosphate
Correct answer:
glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
Explanation:
The process of glycolysis indeed occurs in the cytoplasm. Answer 'glycolysis can occur only with oxygen' is incorrect, because glycolysis can actually occur with or without oxygen,due tooxygen playing no role in glycolysis.
Answer 'glycolysis is the first step in anaerobic respiration but not aerobic respiration' is incorrect, because glycolysis is simply the first step in BOTH anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration.
Answer 'glycolysis leads to the production of 2 ATP, 1 NADH, and 2 pyruvate' is incorrect, because the end product of glycolysis is 2 NADH, not 1 NADH.
Answer 'glycolysis involves the production of G5P or glucose-5-phosphate' is incorrect, because glycolysis involves the production of G6P, not G5P.
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Example Question #47 : Understanding Glycolysis
Why is the significance of lactic acid fermentation in anaerobic respiration?
Possible Answers:
Lactic acid fermentation gives a short term solution to the ATP crisis.
Lactic acid fermentation uses up pyruvate.
Since oxygen is no longer present to accept the electrons in the ETC, it provides an alternative path to make ATP.
Lactic acid fermentation creates ATP.
Lactic acid fermentation replenishes NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.
Correct answer:
Lactic acid fermentation replenishes NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue.
Explanation:
Since there is no more oxygen, we undergo anaerobic respiration, which in humans is lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid does not produce any energy, so it doesn't solve the ATP crisis nor does it produce ATP. It is true that lactic acid fermentation does use up pyruvate, but so does the citric acid cycle. The importance is that lactic acid fermentation turns NADH into NAD+ so that it can be recycled into glycolysis to create ATP.
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Example Question #48 : Understanding Glycolysis
What causes muscle soreness?
Possible Answers:
substrate level phosphorylation
aerobic respiration
lactic acid fermentation
reduction of glucose
alcohol fermentation
Correct answer:
lactic acid fermentation
Explanation:
When the body isn't getting enough oxygen, it undergoes lactic acid fermentation. The purpose of lactic acid fermentation is so that your body can generate ATP through glycolysis by turning pyruvate into lactate and in the processes regenerating NAD+. Since lactate is poisonous, we eventually have to breathe. When oxygen combines with lactate it turns into lactic acid, which in turn causes muscle soreness.
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