Reactants and Products of Glycolysis - Biochemistry (2024)

All of these reactions require ATP be used up or synthesized

Glucoseglucose-6-phosphate

Phosphoenolpyruvatepyruvate

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

Fructose-6-phosphatefructose-1,6-bisphosphate

Correct answer:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

Explanation:

The reaction turning glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is shown below

This step of glycolysis does not hydrolyze or generate ATP, even though a phosphate group was added onto the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. The energy released whenis reduced to, sometimes referred to as the energy of oxidation (of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate).

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

glucose-6-phosphate

Fructose-6-phosphate

Glucose

None of these

Correct answer:

Fructose-6-phosphate

Explanation:

Fructose can be directly transformed into fructose-6-phosphate by hexokinase.

ADP

pyruvate

Correct answer:

pyruvate

Explanation:

Glycolysis, as the name suggests, is the process of lysing glucose into pyruvate. Since glucose is a six-carbon molecule and pyruvate is a three-carbon molecule, two molecules of pyruvate are produced for each molecule of glucose that enters glycolysis. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, and does not require oxygen. The net energy production is two ATP per glucose.

glucose-6-phosphate . . . fructose-6-phosphate

dihydroxyacetone . . . glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

fructose-6-phosphate . . . glucose-6-phosphate

glucose-6-phosphate . . . dihydroxyacetone

Correct answer:

glucose-6-phosphate . . . fructose-6-phosphate

Explanation:

After glucose is converted into glucose-6-phosphate by hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate is converted into fructose-6-phosphate. This reaction is catalyzed byphosphoglucose isomerase.

phosphoenolpyruvate . . . pyruvate

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate . . . glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate . . . 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

pyruvate . . . phosphoenolpyruvate

Correct answer:

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate . . . 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

Explanation:

The sixth step of glycolysis involves the enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). GAPDH moves a hydrogenonto the electron acceptor An NADH is created for each molecule of G3P formed. A phosphate group from inorganic phosphate instead of ATP replaces the hydrogengroup that was taken from G3P. This creates the molecule 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Remember that glucoseis a six-carbon sugar, and that both G3P and 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate are three-carbon sugars. Thus there are two of each of these three-carbon sugars yielded for each glucose that enters glycolysis.

3-phosphoglycerate . . . 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

phosphoenolpyruvate . . . pyruvate

glucose-6-phosphate . . . fructose-6-phosphate

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate . . . 3-phosphoglycerate

Correct answer:

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate . . . 3-phosphoglycerate

Explanation:

The seventh reaction of glycolysis is the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate into 3-phosphoglycerate. The phosphate group is transferred from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate onto ADP, yielding ATP. The conversion is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase.

None of these

Correct answer:

Explanation:

One molecule of glucose produces two molecules of pyruvate. During this reaction, two ATP are used (steps 1 and 3) and four ATP are generated (two in step 6 and two in step 9), yielding a net production of 2 ATP per glucose. Also, one NADH is produced per glyceraldehyde-3-phosphateto yield a total of 2 NADH per glucose.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Glucose is a six-carbon molecule, and pyruvate is a three carbon molecule. From the name, we know that glycolysis involves the lysis, or splitting of glucose. As such, the products of glycolysis include two molecules of pyruvate.

Each pyruvate contains two carbon atoms.

There is a net gain of two ATP molecules for each glucose broken down.

Each glucose molecule is converted into three molecules of pyruvate.

One NADH molecule is formed per molecule of glucose.

gas is required for glycolysis to occur.

Correct answer:

There is a net gain of two ATP molecules for each glucose broken down.

Explanation:

Each glucose molecule is converted into two pyruvate molecules, with three carbon atoms each. During glycolysis, two NADH molecules are formed per glucose. Oxygen is not necessary -- one major feature of glycolysis is that it produces energy anaerobically. It yieldsATP, with a net gain of two ATP molecules for each glucose consumed.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Two separate steps of glycolysis each create 2 ATP (4 ATP total). However, the first and third steps involved in this process require an input of energy in order to work. Thus, the net yield of ATP from glycolysis is actually only 2 ATP. These ATP are produced via substrate-level phosphorylation.