Global Burden of Disease (GBD) (2024)

Latest findings from GBD 2021

The latest capstone paper with data through 2021 shows a seismic shift in health trends due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Life expectancy declined in 84% of countries and territories during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Between 1950 and 2021, global life expectancy increased by almost 23 years from 49 to 71.7 years. But it declined by 1.6 years between 2019 and 2021.

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By 2100, fertility rates will not be high enough to sustain population growth over time in 97% of countries and territories.

Researchers anticipate a massive shifting of births from high-income countries to low-income countries. Unless countries facilitate ethical immigration, populations are expected to contract in areas where fertility is below 2.1 children per person who could give birth.

Read key findings

GBD 2021 publications

Read the latest publications using data through 2021 and stay tuned for the full suite of results, including updated data tools.

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Scientific Publication

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021

Jaimie Steinmetz, Theo Vos, Valery Feigin, Liane Ong, Ewerton Cousin, Hailey Hagins, Madeline Moberg, Max Mehlman, Aleksandr Aravkin, Rose Bender, Betyna Berice, Kayleigh Bhangdia, Katrin Burkart, Kaleb Coberly, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Frances Dean, Samath D. Dharmaratne, Maegan Dirac, Alize Ferrari, Lisa Force, William Gardner, Hannah Han, Mohammed Hassen, Simon Hay, Catherine Johnson, Nicholas Kassebaum, Cathleen Keller, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Kathryn Lau, Stephen Lim, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ali Mokdad, Jon Mosser, Olivia Nesbit, Aislyn Orji, Natalie Pritchett, Christian Razo, Emma Rogowski, Damian Santomauro, Sarah Sirota, Benjamin Stark, Joanna Whisnant, Lauren Wilner, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Peng Zheng, Christopher J.L. Murray

March 14, 2024

Scientific Publication

Global, regional, and national mortality due to unintentional carbon monoxide poisoning, 2000–2021

Madeline Moberg, Erin Hamilton, Liane Ong, Mohsen Naghavi, Theo Vos, Jaimie Steinmetz, Scott Zeng, Dana Bryazka, Jeff Zhao, Rachel Feldman, Aleksandr Aravkin, Kaleb Coberly, Xiaochen Dai, Mohammed Hassen, Simon Hay, Stephen Lim, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ali Mokdad, Christopher J.L. Murray, Peng Zheng

October 6, 2023

Scientific Publication

Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021

William Gardner, Christian Razo, Theresa McHugh, Nicholas Kassebaum, Christopher J.L. Murray, Simon Hay, Hailey Hagins, Victor Vichis Tella, Conor Hennessy, Heather Taylor, Nandita Perumal, Kia Fuller, Kelly Cercy, Leo Zoeckler, Catherine Chen, Stephen Lim, Aleksandr Aravkin, Michael Arndt, Jessica Bishai, Katrin Burkart, Eunice Chung, Xiaochen Dai, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Samath D. Dharmaratne, Maegan Dirac, Sam Ewald, Ryan Fitzgerald, Mohammed Hassen, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ali Mokdad, Hasan Nassereldine, Brandon Pickering, Reed Sorensen, Jeff Stanaway, Peng Zheng

July 31, 2023

Scientific Publication

Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050

Liane Ong, Lauryn Stafford, Theo Vos, Simon Hay, Christopher J.L. Murray, Susan McLaughlin, Stein Emil Vollset, Amanda Smith, Bronte Dalton, Joe Duprey, Jessica Cruz, Hailey Hagins, Paulina Lindstedt, Aleksandr Aravkin, Michael Brauer, Kaleb Coberly, Ewerton Cousin, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Mohammed Hassen, Stephen Lim, Rafael Lozano, Tomislav Mestrovic, Ali Mokdad, Mohsen Naghavi, Hasan Nassereldine, Maja Pašović, Reed Sorensen, Dereje Yohannis Yada, Xiaochen Dai, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen

June 22, 2023