Cryptic Crossword Reference (2024)

Cryptic crosswords are great fun but they have quite a steep initial learning curve. One particularly challenging aspect for newcomers is the use of a word to mean a specific letter or series of letters. Often these are not intuitive and require an explanation to clarify how and why the clue and answer are linked – e.g. ‘sailor’ = ‘able-bodied seaman’ = AB.

This reference guide can be quickly accessed to help work out what some of the more common clues might mean. We will soon be adding a ‘how to’ section that will provide more detailed instructions to help solve cryptic crosswords.

ClueAnswerExplanation
1IRoman numeral, appearance
5VRoman numeral
10XRoman numeral
50LRoman numeral
100CRoman numeral
1,000MRoman numeral
A followerBAlphabet (B follows A)
AboutC, CA, RECirca, regarding (re:)
AcademicDD, PROFDoctor of Divinity, professor
AccelerationGGravity
AccountACAbbreviation
AccountantCAChartered accountant
AceAAbbreviation
AdvertADAbbreviation
AfternoonPMPost meridiem
AgainstV, VSVersus (vs.)
AgentREPRepresentative
AgriculturalAGAbbreviation
Air conditioningACAbbreviation
AirmanACAircraftman
AlienETExtra-terrestrial
Also known asAKAAbbreviation
AluminiumALChemical symbol
AmbassadorHEHer/his excellency
AmericaAM, US, USAAbbreviation (United States of America)
American shipUSSUnited StatesShip
American soldierGIGI
AmnestyAIAmnesty International
Ancient cityURUr
Ancient timesBCBefore Christ
And Frenchetet
AnglicanCEChurch of England
Anglo-SaxonASAbbreviation
AnswerAY, AYEAye
ArabicARAbbreviation
ArbiterREFReferee
AreaAAbbreviation
Army copMPMilitary policeman
Army corpsREMERoyal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers
Artificial intelligenceAIAbbreviation
ArtilleryRARoyal Artillery
ArtistRARoyal Academy
AsianEEastern
At homeINDefinition (e.g. to eat in)
AttorneyDA, PADistrict Attorney, Practicing Attorney
AustraliaAUS, OZAbbreviation, slang
AvenueAVEAbbreviation
Bachelor of ArtsBABachelor of Arts
Bachelor of ArtsBMBachelor of Medicine
Basque nationalistsETAEuskadi Ta Askatasuna
BearingN, E, S, WCompass
BeginnerLLearner (e.g. L-plate)
BendU, SU-bend, S-bend
BibleAVAuthorized Version
BillAC, IOUAccount, IOU
BirdTITTit
BishopB, RR, DDAbbreviation, chess, Right Reverend, Doctor of Divinity
BobSShilling (money)
Bond’s bossMM
BoneOSOsteo
BookBAbbreviation
BooksOT, NT, MS, GENOld Testament, New Testament, manuscript, Genesis
BoyBAbbreviation
Bridge playerN, E, S, WBridge/compass
BritishB, BRAbbreviation
ByteBAbbreviation
CalciumCAChemical symbol
CaliforniaCA, CALAbbreviation
CaponeALAl Capone
CarT, RRModel T, Rolls-Royce
Carbon copyCCAbbreviation
Care ofCOAbbreviation
CastleRRook (chess)
CelsiusCAbbreviation
CentCAbbreviation
CentigradeCAbbreviation
CenturyCAbbreviation, Roman Numerals
ChapterC, CHAbbreviation
ChargedIONCharge, ion
Chartered accountantCAChartered accountant
ChiefCHAbbreviation
ChlorineCLChemical symbol
ChromosomeX, YSex chromosome
ChurchCEChurch of England
Church of EnglandCEAbbreviation
CircaCAbbreviation
CircleOAppearance
CityNY, LA, ECNew York, Los Angeles, City of London (Postcode)
Civil engineerCEAbbreviation
ClubYYMCA
ClubsCCards
CoinP, D, CPenny, denarius, cent
ColonelCOLAbbreviation
ColtCAbbreviation
CommercialADAdvertisem*nt
Common EraCEAbbreviation (CE)
CommunistREDCommunist symbolism
CompanionCHOrder of the Companions of Honour
CompanyCOAbbreviation
CompareCFConfer (Latin abbreviation)
Compass pointN, E, S, WCompass
ComputerPCPersonal computer
ConcerningRERegarding
ConservationistsNTNational Trust
ConservativeC, CONAbbreviation
ConstablePCPolice constable
ConstantE, PIe, pi
CopperP, D, CU, PCPenny, denarius, chemical symbol, police constable (slang)
CornerNE, SE, SW, NWCompass
CouncillorCL, CLR, CLLRAbbreviation
CourtCTAbbreviation
CreditCRAbbreviation
CriminalCONConvict
CrossXAppearance
CurrentAC,DC, I, AMP, ADAlternating current, direct current, unit, Anno Domini
Cystic fibrosisCFAbbreviation
CyprusCYAbbreviation
DateDAbbreviation
DaughterDAbbreviation
Dead, diedD, DEC, EX, OBAbbreviation, deceased, ex-, obituary
DebtsIOUSIOU
DecorationVC, GCVictoria Cross, George Cross
DegreeD, DEG, C, F, BA, MAAbbreviation, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts
Detective inspectorDIAbbreviation
DetectivesCIDCriminal Investigation Department
DeutschmarkDMAbbreviation
DiamondsDCards
DianaDIAbbreviation
Dinner jacketDJAbbreviation
DirectionN, E, S, WCompass
Disc, diskO, EP, LP, CDAppearance, extended play, long play, compact disc
DiseaseTBTuberculosis
DoctorDOC, DR, BM, MB, MD, MO, GPAbbreviation, Bachelor of Medicine, Medicinae Baccalaureus, Medicinae Doctor, Medical Officer, general practitioner
DramDRAbbreviation, unit (dram)
DramaNOHNoh
Drama companyREPRepertory theatre
DripIVIntravenous drip
DrugC, E, X, HCocaine, ecstasy, heroin
DryTT, AATeetotal, Alcoholics Anonymous
DuckOCricket
DucksOOCricket
EachEAAbbreviation
EastEAbbreviation
East GermanyGDRGerman Democratic Republic
EcstasyE, XEcstasy
EditorEDAbbreviation
EggOAppearance
ElectricityAC, DCAlternative current, direct current
ElevenII, XIAppearance, Roman numerals
ElizabethEAbbreviation
EnergyE, JAbbreviation, Joule
EngineerCE, RE, MECivil engineer, royal engineer, mechanical engineer
EnglishEAbbreviation
EscapeESCAbbreviation
EstablishedESTAbbreviation
Estimated time of arrivalETAAbbreviation
EuropeEU, ECEuropean Union, European Community
ExercisePT, PE, TRAINPhysical therapy/training, physical education
ExistBETo be
ExtraWCricket (extra runs from a wide ball)
Extra-terrestrialETAbbreviation
Extra largeXLAbbreviation
FahrenheitFAbbreviation
FatherFR, DAD, DA, PAAbbreviation, Dad, Slang
FemaleFAbbreviation
Fighter planeMIGMiG
FineF, OKF (pencil), OK
FirmCOCompany
FirstIST1st
First classAIA1
FishCARP, COD, EEL, LING, etc.Fish
FleetRNRoyal Navy
Flying bombVIV1
FollowingFAbbreviation
Football associationFAFootball Association
Football clubFCFootball Club
For exampleEGExempli gratia
ForceFAbbreviation
Former (partner)EXEx
FranceFAbbreviation
FrenchmanMMonsieur
GameRURugby Union
GasH, O, N, CO, CSHydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, capsicum spray
German submarineUU-boat
GermanyGER, DAbbreviation, Deutschland
GeorgeGAbbreviation
GeorgiaGA, GEGA (state), GE (country)
GermanGAbbreviation
GlassesOOAppearance
GoldAU, ORChemical symbol, heraldry
GoodG, PIAbbreviation, pious
Good manSTSaint
GraduateBA, MA, etc.Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts
GramGAbbreviation
GrandG, M, KAbbreviation, Roman numeral, kilo
Grand prixGPAbbreviation
Greek character or letterPI, NU, MU, XI, etc.Greek alphabet
GroupGPAbbreviation
GuevaraCHEChe Guevara
Gunners, gunmenRARoyal Artillery
GymPT, PE, TRAINPhysical therapy/training, physical education
HandN, E, S, WBridge hands
HardHPencil
HearTPosition on hearing aid
HeartsHCards
HectareHAAbbreviation
HeliumHEAbbreviation
HeroinHAbbreviation
HexadecimalHEXAbbreviation
Hire purchaseHPAbbreviation
Holy manSTSaint
Home countiesSESoutheast of England
HonourOBEOBE
HonoursBA, MA, etc.Bachelor of Arts, Master of Arts
HorseG, GGSlang
HospitalHAbbreviation
Hospital departmentAE, ED, ENTAccident & emergency, emergency department, ear, nose & throat
HourH, HRAbbreviation, unit (hour)
Houses of parliamentHPAbbreviation
HugOxo
HundredC, TONRoman numerals, ton
HusbandHAbbreviation
HushSHShush
HydrogenHAbbreviation
I amIMI’m
IcelandISCountry code
In chargeICAbbreviation
InchINAbbreviation
IndependentI, INDAbbreviation
Information technologyITAbbreviation
InitialINITAbbreviation
InspectorDIDetective inspector
Instant messageIMAbbreviation
Integrated circuitICAbbreviation
IntelligenceIQIntelligence quotient
Internet (provider)ISPInternet service provider
ImagePICPicture
IodineIAbbreviation
IrelandIREAbbreviation
Irish Republican ArmyIRAAbbreviation
IronFEChemical symbol
IslandISAbbreviation
JackJ, TAR, ABAbbreviation,Jack Tar, able-bodied seaman
JetMIGMiG
JollyRMRoyal Marine
JournalistEDEditor
JudgeJ, REFAbbreviation, referee
JunctionTT-junction
JuniorJRAbbreviation
KelvinKAbbreviation
KentuckyKYState code
KeyA, B, C, D, E, F, GMusical keys
Kick offKOAbbreviation
KiloKAbbreviation
KingK, R, HM, HRH, GR, CRAbbreviation, rex, His Majesty, His Royal Highness, King George, King Charles
KissXxo
KnaveJJack
KnightK, KT, KBE, KG, NAbbreviation, Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire, Knight of the Garter, chess
Knock outKOAbbreviation
KnotKTAbbreviation
LabourLABAbbreviation
LakeL, LAAbbreviation
Large numberC, D, M, KRoman numerals, kilo
Last (character)ZAlphabet
Last monthULTUltimo
LawrenceDH, TED H Lawrence, T E Lawrence
LawyerBL, DABachelor of Law, District Attorney
LeadPBChemical symbol
LearnerLAbbreviation
LeftLAbbreviation
LetterEF, EL, EMAlphabet; sounds like ‘F’, ‘L’, ‘M’, etc.
LiberalL, LIBAbbreviation
LieutenantLTAbbreviation
LineLLower-case L is a line; l
LinesRY, BRRailway, British Rail
LitreLAbbreviation
Local area networkLANAbbreviation
Long waveLWAbbreviation
LookLOAbbreviation
Los AngelesLAAbbreviation
LoudF, FFForte, fortissimo
LoveOTennis
MadameMMEAbbreviation
MaidenMCricket
MaleM, HE, PAAbbreviation, he, paternal
ManagerMICMan in charge
ManyCL, XD, etc.Roman numerals
Map-makersOSOrdinance Survey
MarinesRMRoyal Marines
MarriedMAbbreviation
Master of ArtsMAAbbreviation
Master of ceremoniesMCAbbreviation
MastersMAMaster of Arts
MedalVC, GC, OBE, OM, etc.Victoria Cross, George Cross, Order of the British Empire, Order of Merit
MedicDOC, DR, BM, MB, MD, MO, GPAbbreviation, Bachelor of Medicine, Medicinae Baccalaureus, Medicinae Doctor, Medical Officer, general practitioner
MegabyteMBAbbreviation
Member (of Parliament)MPMember of Parliament
MesserschmittMEAbbreviation
MiddayNNoon
Middle EastMEAbbreviation
MidfielderLMiddle letter of ‘fielder’
Military policeMPAbbreviation
Ministry of DefenceMODAbbreviation
MinuteMAbbreviation
ModelTModel T Ford
MomentMOAbbreviation, slang
MonarchER,GR,Q,K, RElizabeth Regina, George Rex, queen, king, rex, regina
MonsieurMAbbreviation
MonthsMOSAbbreviation (month = mo.)
MorningAMAnte meridiem
MotherMUM, MOM, MASlang
Motor racingFIF1 (formula one)
MotorwayM, MIAbbreviation, M1
NamelySC, IEScilicet,id est
National trustNTAbbreviation
NavyRN, ABS, TARSRoyal navy, able-bodied seamen, slang
NazisSSSchutzstaffel
NeonNEChemical symbol
NewNAbbreviation
New TestamentNTAbbreviation
New YorkNYAbbreviation
NewspaperRAGSlang
NewtonNAbbreviation, unit (Newton)
NitrogenNAbbreviation
No ballNBAbbreviation
No goodNGAbbreviation
NoonNAbbreviation
NorthNAbbreviation
Not applicableNAAbbreviation
NoteA, B, C, D, E, F, G; DO, RE, MI, FA, SO, LA, TI, TE, DOH, NBMusical notes, nota bene
NothingOZero
NoviceLLearner (e.g. L-plate)
NowADAnno Domini
NumberI, V, X, C, D, M, LRoman numerals
NurseRN, ENRegistered nurse, enrolled nurse
OceanOAbbreviation
OddsSPStarting price
OfficerOC, COOfficer Corps, commanding officer
OldOAbbreviation
Old boyOBAbbreviation
Old cityURUr
Old manDAD, DA, PASlang (father)
Old personOAPOld age pensioner
Old recordEPEP
Old TestamentOTAbbreviation
OneA, AN, I, ACESingle articles, one, ace (cards)
Operating systemOSAbbreviation
OperationOPAbbreviation
OrderOMOrder of Merit
Ordinary seamanOSAbbreviation
OrientalEEastern
Other ranksORNon-commissioned ranks (military)
OunceOZAbbreviation
OutsizedOSAbbreviation
Over the topOTTAbbreviation
OverdoseODAbbreviation
OxygenOAbbreviation
PagePAbbreviation
PaintersRARoyal Academy
ParamilitariesETA, IRA, UFF, UDABasque Nationalists, Irish Republican Army, Ulster Freedom Fighters, Ulster Defence Association
ParkingPAbbreviation
PartyDO, LAB, LIB, LD, CON, C, TORYSlang, Labor, Liberals, Liberal Democrats, conservatives, Tory
PeacekeepersUNUnited Nations
PencilHBHB
PennyP, CUAbbreviation, copper
Phone companyBTBT
Physical educationPEAbbreviation
Physical trainingPTAbbreviation
PintPTAbbreviation
PlacePL, SET, SITE, SPOTAbbreviation, set, site, spot
PlaneMIGMiG
PlateL, PL-plate, P-plate
PlayingONStage
PoemIFIf
PoetTST S Eliot
PointN, E, S, WCompass
PoleN, SNorth, South
PolicemanPC, DI, MET, CIDPolice Constable, Detective Inspector, Metropolitan Police, Criminal Investigation Department
PoliticianMPMember of Parliament
PoshUUpper class
Post officePOAbbreviation
PotassiumKChemical symbol
PoundLB, LSymbol (weight, currency)
PowerPAbbreviation
Present dayADAD
PriestPR, REV, RR, DD, FR, ELIAbbreviation, reverent, Right Reverend, Doctor of Divinity, Father, Eli (Bible)
Prime MinisterPMAbbreviation
PrincessDIPrincess Di
Printer’s measureEN,EMTypographic units
Prisoner of WarPOWAbbreviation
Private investigatorPIAbbreviation
PromisesIOUSIOU
ProvinceNINorthern Ireland
PubPHPublic House
Public Record OfficePROAbbreviation
QuarterN, NE, NW, E, etc.Compass
QuartetIVRoman numerals
QueenQ, ER, R, HMAbbreviation, Elizabeth Regina, Her Majesty
Queen’s honourOBEOBE
QuietP, SHPiano, shush
RailwayR, RY, BRAbbreviation, British Rail
RecordEP, LPExtended play, long play
RefereeREF, UMPAbbreviation, umpire
ReginaRAbbreviation
ResistanceRUnit
RetiredRETAbbreviation
ReverendREV, RR, DDAbbreviation, Right Reverend, Doctor of Divinity
RexRAbbreviation
RightRAbbreviation
RingOAppearance
RiverR, DEE, EXE, MA, NILE, PO, etc.Abbreviation,River Dee,River Exe,Ma River,Nile,Po
RoadRD, AIAbbreviation, A1
Rolls RoyceRRAbbreviation
RookRAbbreviation
RoughlyCACirca
RoundOAppearance
Royal AcademyRAAbbreviation
Royal ArtilleryRAAbbreviation
Royal EngineersREAbbreviation
Royal MarinesRMAbbreviation
Royal NavyRNAbbreviation
RugbyRURugby union
RunRAbbreviation
Sailor, salt, seamanAB, TAR, SALT, JACK, HAND, OSAble-bodied seaman, slang, ordinary seaman
SaintS, STAbbreviation
SameDODitto
SappersRERoyal Engineers
SatisfactorySAbbreviation
SayEGExempli gratia
SecondS, MOAbbreviation, moment
Second-classBB-grade
Secret serviceSSAbbreviation
SecretaryPAPersonal assistant
Senior serviceRNRoyal Navy
SetterI, MECrossword setter
Sex appealSA, ITAbbreviation, the ‘it’ girl
Shakespearean kingLEARKing Lear
ShillingSAbbreviation
ShipSSScrew steamer/ steam ship
ShirtTT shirt
Short timeTShortening of ‘Time’
Short waveSWAbbreviation
Significant otherSOAbbreviation
SilkQC, KCQueen’s Counsel, King’s Counsel
SilverAGChemical symbol
SingleI1
SmallSAbbreviation
SocietySAbbreviation
SodiumNAChemical symbol
SoftP, BPiano (music), B (pencil)
SoldierRM, RE, GI, VETRoyal Marine, Royal Engineer, General Infantryman, veteran
SonSAbbreviation
SouthSAbbreviation
SpadesSCards
SpectaclesOOAppearance
StateCA, FL, etc.California, Florida, etc.
StoneSTAbbreviation
StreetSTAbbreviation
SquareSAbbreviation
StudentL, NUSLearner, National Union of Students
SubmarineSUB, UAbbreviation, U-boat
SweatBOBody odour
TabloidSUN, RAGThe Sun, slang
TakeRRecipe (Latin for ‘take’)
TarABAble-bodied seaman
TaxVAT, GST, IRSValue added tax, goods and services tax, Internal Revenue Service
TeachersNUTNational Union of Teachers
TeamXIRoman numerals (eleven players in football or cricket team)
TeetotalTT, AAAbbreviation, Alcoholics Anonymous
TemperatureTAbbreviation
TenXRoman numerals
Territorial ArmyTAAbbreviation
TerroristsETA, IRA, UFF, UDABasque Nationalists, Irish Republican Army, Ulster Freedom Fighters, Ulster Defence Association
ThanksTATa
That isIE, SCid est, scilicet
The thingITIt
TheologianDDDoctor of Divinity
This monthINSTInstante mense
ThousandM, G, KRoman numeral, grand, kilo
TimeT, S, M, AGEAbbreviation, second, minute, age
TimesXMultiplication symbol
ToiletWCWater closet
Top classAIA1
ToryCONConservative
TranslatorTRAbbreviation
TrendyINSlang
TripodYAppearance
TungstenWChemical symbol
TyroLLearner
UnknownX, Y, ZVariables
VariableX, Y, ZMathematical unknowns
VersusV, VSVersus (vs.)
VeryVAbbreviation
Very blackBBPencil
VesselSSScrew steamer/ steam ship
ViscountVISAbbreviation
VitaminA, B, BI, C, D, etc.Vitamins (BI = B1)
VolunteersTATerritorial Army
VoteX☒ (voting)
WayRD, ST, AVERoad, street, avenue
WeightG, LMGram, pound
WheelOAppearance
Whistle-blowerREFReferee
WideWAbbreviation
WifeWAbbreviation
WillLLContraction
WithWAbbreviation
WithoutWOAbbreviation
Women’s supporterBRABrassiere
WorkW, OP, OPUSAbbreviation, operation, opus
WorkerANT, BEEWorker ant, worker bee
XIORoman numerals (10)
YardY, YDAbbreviation
YearY, YRAbbreviation
AYours trulyI, MEDefinition
ZeroOAppearance
Cryptic Crossword Reference (2024)
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