What is the opposite of zero sum thinking?
positive-sum game, in game theory, a term that refers to situations in which the total of gains and losses is greater than zero.
A positive sum game is a concept from game theory where the total gains and losses in the “game” are greater than zero - hence the positive sum. In other words, no one wins at someone else's expense. These are “win-win” scenarios.
Negative-sum games are considered lose-lose situations where the gains and losses of all participants equal less than zero (versus zero-sum games where the sum equals zero exactly).
Also called constant sum game. See also negative sum game and positive sum game.
In a zero-sum game, a rational actor seeking the greatest gain for himself or herself will necessarily be seeking the maximum loss for the other actor. In a positive-sum game, a rational, self-interested actor may benefit the other guy with the same choice that benefits himself or herself.
The term negative-sum game describes situations in which the total of gains and losses is less than zero, and the only way for one party to maintain the status quo is to take something from another party.
positive-sum interactions, where the sum total of gains (gains of both parties added together) is positive. negative-sum interactions, where the sum total of gains (gains of both parties added together) is negative.
Examples of negative sum games in real life include: Large Overhead: When a product or service costs more to create or complete than the completed task is worth or the cost of paying executives is dramatically high, it creates a negative sum game. No matter how many products a business sells, it cannot come out ahead.
Zero-sum games always produce a net gain of zero, with one party winning and the other party losing, while non-zero-sum games produce a net positive or net loss.
What is a Non Zero Sum Game? A non zero sum game is a situation where there is a net benefit or net loss to the system based on the game's outcome. An example of what should be considered a non zero sum game is a contest between a trade ship and a pirate ship, although it may look like one at first glance.
What is a non-zero-sum game psychology?
In game theory, situation where one decision maker's gain (or loss) does not necessarily result in the other decision makers' loss (or gain). In other words, where the winnings and losses of all players do not add up to zero and everyone can gain: a win-win game.
Yes, dating may be a zero-sum game; love, however, is not. For two people in love, their jointly maximized utility would be higher than the sum of their individual utilities from when they were alone. So, if a happy me falls in love with a happy you, we would each be individually super happy.
The 'fixed sum' is the total wealth (cash) generated by the company over its lifetime. No amount of trading will alter that sum. In cash terms, trading is zero-sum (the seller receives, less costs, what the buyer pays) So share trading is not a value-added activity.
The 2-person 0-sum game is a basic model in game theory. There are two players, each with an associated set of strategies. While one player aims to maximize her payoff, the other player attempts to take an action to minimize this payoff. In fact, the gain of a player is the loss of another.
| all-or-nothing | desperate |
|---|---|
| critical | uncompromising |
| inflexible | winner-take-all |
| hard-line | high-stake |
| win-or-lose | high stakes |
Zero-sum thinking perceives situations as zero-sum games, where one person's gain would be another's loss. The term is derived from game theory. However, unlike the game theory concept, zero-sum thinking refers to a psychological construct—a person's subjective interpretation of a situation.
The zero-sum fallacy is the idea that there is a fixed pie and if one person gets more that means the other person gets less. This is the way most people think about negotiation, but it couldn't be further from the truth. Negotiation should always be thought of in relation to creating value.
Zero-sum beliefs reflect the perception that one party's gains are necessarily offset by another party's losses.
In terms of economic theory, capitalist tend to view national economies a non-zero-sum game (economic activity creates additional value through increased economic activity that spreads about and benefits everybody - though not equally).
Wealth creation is a positive-sum game. The total gains and losses in the “game” are greater than zero - hence the positive sum. In other words, no one wins at someone else's expense.
Why Is Prisoner's Dilemma a non-zero-sum game?
Prisoner's Dilemma. This is an example of a non-zero-sum game, which is a situation where the rewards and costs experienced by all players do not balance. It's different from zero-sum games, where If I won it implies your loss. In Prisoner's Dilemma, one's gain doesn't necessarily mean your loss.
In contrast, non-zero-sum describes a situation in which the interacting parties' aggregate gains and losses can be less than or more than zero. A zero-sum game is also called a strictly competitive game, while non-zero-sum games can be either competitive or non-competitive.
In a non-zero-sum game, the fortunes of both parties can rise and fall together. The best type of non-zero-sum game is a win-win situation, where both parties benefit from a deal. For instance, if two sports teams trade players with one another and each team satisfies a need, then the trade produces a net positive sum.
A classic example of a Non-Zero-Sum Game situation is called the Prisoner's Dilemma, where two prisoners are interrogated separately, and are offered a bargain where if one confesses, he is set free, while the other prisoner is convicted for 10 years. If both confess, they both face 2 years in prison.
A non zero sum game is a situation where there is a net benefit or net loss to the system based on the game's outcome. An example of what should be considered a non zero sum game is a contest between a trade ship and a pirate ship, although it may look like one at first glance.
In game theory, situation where one decision maker's gain (or loss) does not necessarily result in the other decision makers' loss (or gain). In other words, where the winnings and losses of all players do not add up to zero and everyone can gain: a win-win game.
In summary, equity theory suggests that people are more satisfied with a relationship in which there is equal give and take by both parties. This theory proposes that a person's motivation to stay in any relationship is based on the equality (or inequality) of the contributions made to the relationship by each person.
