The Causes and Treatment of Generalized Weakness in Seniors (2024)

Updated on February 05, 2023

Medically reviewed byJenny Sweigard, MD

Generalized weakness is one of the most common medical complaints of seniors in the U.S. It is characterized by muscle weakness throughout the body. There are so many medical conditions that can result in generalized weakness that it is one of the hardest medical complaints to diagnose.

The Causes and Treatment of Generalized Weakness in Seniors (1)

Ruling Out Other Medical Conditions

Healthcare providers try to start with what a medical condition isn't before trying to figure out what it is. We call it ruling out the problems.

For example, weakness in only one area of the body is usually related to the brain (stroke) or to weakness in the muscles in that area being fatigued.

If you were experiencing shortness of breath with weakness, emergency medical responders and healthcare providers would rule out shock or stroke and focus on asthma, COPD, heart failure ,or anaphylactic reaction as possible culprits.

Causes

Generalized weakness is most often related to fatigue or low blood pressure. It can be also be related to endocrine problems. Medical reports have identified several conditions associated with acute weakness seen in the emergency room. Here is a list of potential causes of generalized weakness:

  • Shock is a medical condition that leads to dangerously low blood pressure. It can be from things like bleeding, dehydration, or heat exhaustion. Severe infections, known as sepsis, can also lead to shock.
  • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is a concern if you have a history of diabetes or you've gone a very long time without eating. It's very common for patients to develop hypoglycemia when they are being treated for diabetes.
  • Severe hypothermia can cause fatigue and weakness. The lack of heat leads to a loss of energy as the body tries to conserve. By the time hypothermia is bad enough to cause fatigue, it is a severe medical emergency.
  • Many poisons including those found in the homeas well as many medications can cause weakness or fainting. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a common household poisonous gas that might affect more people than we realize. The classic symptoms of CO poisoning start with weakness and headache. Make sure to get an accurate CO poisoning diagnosis and treatment.
  • Anything that causes shortness of breath or chest pain, such as asthma, heart failure or anaphylaxis (allergic reaction) can lead to fatigue and general weakness. The lack of oxygen (or buildup of CO2) in the bloodstream means the body tissues and cells don't get enough oxygen to power themselves.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for generalized weakness. The only way to fix the weakness is to treat the underlying cause. For example, carbon monoxide poisoning can only be treated by moving the patient out of the environment where the carbon monoxide is in the air. Usually, that means moving the patient out of the house.

Many of the same causes of general weakness lead to things like fainting and some of the treatments might help. You could even think of general weakness as slow-motion fainting. If you can figure out what's causing weakness, you can treat it.

3 Sources

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

  1. Stroke. National Institutes on Aging.

  2. Miller, Marc, MD. Approach to the Patient with Muscle Weakness. UpToDate.com.

  3. Asimos,Andrew W, MD. Evaluation of the Adult With Acute Weakness in the Emergency Department.

By Rod Brouhard, EMT-P
Rod Brouhard is an emergency medical technician paramedic (EMT-P), journalist, educator, and advocate for emergency medical service providers and patients.

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The Causes and Treatment of Generalized Weakness in Seniors (2024)

FAQs

What is the treatment of Generalised weakness? ›

Treatment. There is no specific treatment for generalized weakness. The only way to fix the weakness is to treat the underlying cause. For example, carbon monoxide poisoning can only be treated by moving the patient out of the environment where the carbon monoxide is in the air.

What is the root cause of weakness? ›

Weakness can also occur due to physical illnesses or toxic disorders. Long-term (chronic) conditions, such as multiple sclerosis or an underactive thyroid, can cause weakness. Short-term (acute) conditions, such as a pinched nerve or urinary tract infection, can also cause weakness.

What are neurologic causes of generalized weakness? ›

Weakness that progresses steadily over hours to days may be caused by acute or subacute disorders (eg, spinal cord compression, transverse myelitis, spinal cord ischemia or hemorrhage, Guillain-Barré syndrome, sometimes muscle wasting caused by a critical illness, rhabdomyolysis, botulism, organophosphate poisoning).

Which medicine is good for general weakness? ›

Examples of these medications include:
  • antidepressants.
  • antianxiety medications.
  • medications to control high blood pressure.
  • statins to control high blood cholesterol.
  • chemotherapy drugs.

How to overcome weakness in body? ›

Self-help tips to fight tiredness
  1. Eat often to beat tiredness. ...
  2. Get moving. ...
  3. Lose weight to gain energy. ...
  4. Sleep well. ...
  5. Reduce stress to boost energy. ...
  6. Talking therapy beats fatigue. ...
  7. Cut out caffeine. ...
  8. Drink less alcohol.

How do you overcome weakness in old age? ›

Keep moving — Engage in regular exercise, including resistance training, to maintain muscle and strength. 2. Remember protein — Eat good sources of protein from lean meats, eggs and beans. Aim for 25-30 grams of protein at every meal.

What is the quickest way for elderly to regain muscle mass? ›

Weight training.

Resistance exercise like weight training is one of the best ways of reversing the loss of muscle mass as you age. It benefits both men and women. Both groups typically lose muscle mass because levels of testosterone or estrogen go down as you age.

What is the best exercise for seniors to strengthen their legs? ›

Top 10 Leg Exercise for Seniors
  1. Seated Leg Extensions. Seated leg extensions are perfect for beginners and can be done anywhere. ...
  2. Ankle Circles. Ankle circles improve flexibility and circulation, reducing the risk of injuries and falls. ...
  3. Chair Squats. ...
  4. Standing Knee Lifts. ...
  5. Calf Raises. ...
  6. Side Leg Raises. ...
  7. Toe Taps. ...
  8. Leg Curls.
Jan 9, 2024

How do you cure weakness? ›

Drinking plenty of fluids, getting adequate rest, and exercising regularly can help you recover from weakness and also prevent it.

What causes general body weakness? ›

Muscle weakness is commonly due to lack of exercise, ageing, muscle injury or pregnancy. It can also occur with long-term conditions such as diabetes or heart disease. There are many other possible causes, which include stroke, multiple sclerosis, and depression.

Does weakness go away on its own? ›

You may feel weak and tired after you have done too much activity, such as taking an extra-long hike. This is not a serious problem. It often goes away on its own. Feeling weak can also be caused by medical conditions like thyroid problems, depression, or a virus.

How do you treat generalized weakness? ›

Some common treatment options include:
  • Rest and adequate sleep : Getting enough rest and improving sleep quality can help alleviate temporary weakness caused by fatigue or lack of sleep.
  • Hydration : Ensuring proper hydration by drinking sufficient fluids can help relieve weakness caused by dehydration.

What is a generalized weakness in the elderly? ›

Generalized weakness can be a presenting chief complaint that requires an extensive evaluation to elicit the cause, or may be associated with other geriatric syndromes such as failure to thrive, functional decline, sarcopenia, frailty, and falls.

What is a generalized weakness? ›

Definition. Generalized weakness or decreased strength of the muscles, affecting both distal and proximal musculature. [ from HPO]

Which test is useful for patients with generalized weakness? ›

Muscle strength testing is an important component of the physical exam that can reveal information about neurologic deficits. It is used to evaluate weakness and can be effective in differentiating true weakness from imbalance or poor endurance.

How do you overcome neurological weakness? ›

Treatments for Weak Nervous System
  1. Daily Exercise: Exercise in this context does not simply refer to physical activity; it also includes mental pursuits. ...
  2. Sunlight Exposure: Direct sunshine is excellent for the body, according to studies. ...
  3. Walk barefoot on the ground: ...
  4. Right sleep cycle: ...
  5. Toss in some meditation:

What is the medical word for generalized weakness? ›

Asthenia refers to generalized physical weakness and/or a lack of energy and strength. It is not a disease, but rather, is a common sign of several acute and chronic medical conditions. Asthenia can also develop as a side effect of medications.

How do you treat one sided weakness? ›

Hemiparesis treatment may include medical and nonmedical techniques: Electrical stimulation. As part of this method, small electrical pads are placed on the weak muscles of the side that has hemiparesis. An electrical charge is sent to the body that helps the muscles contract.

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