How to write business letters (2024)

By Marina Pantcheva

Salutation

The salutation is an important part of a letter. The choice of the right salutation depends on whether you know the person you are writing to and how formal your relationship is.

Very formal (for official business letters)
To Whom It May Concern:Use only when you do not know to whom you must address the letter, for example, when writing to an institution.
Dear Sir/Madam,Use when writing to a position without having a named contact.
Dear Mr Smith,Use when you have a named male contact.
Dear Ms Smith,Use when you have a named female contact; do not use the old-fashioned Mrs.
Dear Dr Smith,Use when writing to a named doctor.
Dear Prof Smith,Use when writing to a named professor.
Dear Xu Li,Type the whole name when you are unsure of the recipient’s gender.
Less formal but still professional (business letters)
Dear colleagues,Use when writing to a group of people.
Dear Mary,Use when writing to a named female.
Dear John,Use when writing to a named male.
Informal (personal letters)

These salutations should be used with people you are close to, as they might offend others.

Hello guys,Use when writing to a group of people you know very well.
Hi,Use when writing to one or more people you know very well.
  • There should be a comma after the salutation and a colon after “To Whom It May Concern”.
  • No full stop is needed after Mr, Ms, and Dr.
  • The form Mrs is outdated.
  • Avoid the exclamation (!) in salutations.

Starting your letter

There two ways in which business letters usually start: they make reference to a previous contact, for example, phone conversation, meeting, previous mail correspondence; or they are the first contact with the recipient.

Making reference to previous contact

I am (we are writing) regarding

  • your inquiry about …
  • our phone conversation …

In reply to your request …
Thank you for contacting us.

Contacting the recipient for the first time

I am (we are) writing to

  • inform you that …
  • confirm …
  • enquire about …
  • complain about …

I am contacting you for the following reason.
I recently heard about … and would like to …

Making a request

We would appreciate it if you would …
I would be grateful if you could …
Could you please send me …
Could you possibly tell us …
It would be helpful if you could send us …

Giving good news

We are pleased to announce that …
I am delighted to inform you that …

Giving bad news

We regret to inform you that …
I’m afraid it would not be possible to …
Unfortunately we are unable to …
After careful consideration we have decided …

Ending your letter

Enclosures

Please find enclosed (for letters)
Please find attached (for emails)

Offering future assistance

If you require more information, please let us know.
Please do not hesitate to contact us if you need any further assistance.

Referring to future contact

I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
We are looking forward to meeting you on 21 January/in Tromsø.
We would appreciate your reply at your earliest convenience.

Closing

The closing salutation must match the opening salutation and the overall tone of the letter. Choose one of the following closing lines depending on the formality of the salutation.

Very formal
Your sincerely,
Sincerely yours,
Respectfully,
Use when you’ve started with Dear Sir/Madam or To Whom It May Concern.
Sincerely,Use when you’ve started with Dear + name.
Less formal but still professional
Kind regards,
Warm regards,
Regards,
not too formal but businesslike
Best wishes,even less formal
Informal
Best,
Hugs,
Cheers,
Use with friends and colleagues you feel close to.

How to write business letters (2024)

FAQs

How to write business letters? ›

Understand your reader well enough to anticipate how he or she will react when reading your letter. Address his or her needs or wishes, or a specific problem, and then outline your solution. Provide proof in the way of examples and/or expert opinions to back up your point. Make sure to maintain a friendly tone.

What are the 5 C's of business letter writing? ›

CLEAR: Make sure your purpose and intent is clear to the reader. COMPLETE: Include all the necessary information. CONCISE: Include only necessary and relevant information. COURTEOUS: Address the reader politely.

What are the 7 C's of writing a business letter? ›

Key Takeaways

The 7 Cs stand for: clear, concise, concrete, correct, coherent, complete, and courteous. Though there are a few variations. You can use the 7 Cs as a checklist in your written and spoken messages.

How do you answer a business letter question? ›

Answer the person's inquiry as directly as you can.

Address each question or concern from the person's original letter as completely as you can. Make sure you've hit every point so the person is satisfied with your response. State what the original letter inquired about, and then answer the question.

How to write effective business letters? ›

Write clearly: State your point early in your letter. To avoid any miscommunications, use straightforward, concise language. Skip the industry jargon and instead choose lively, active words to hold your reader's attention. Organize your information logically: Group related information into separate paragraphs.

What are the 3 styles of writing a business letter? ›

What goes in each area also may vary, depending on whom the letter is being sent to and who is writing it. There are three main styles of business letter: block, modified block, and semi-block styles.

What four steps should be followed in writing a business letter? ›

Most business letters must include a return address (letterhead or your name and address), date, an inside address (receiver's name and address), a salutation, body paragraphs, and a closing.

What are 3 rules when creating business letters? ›

There are a few general points to remember regarding good business letter writing. You should always keep your tone formal and polite. Be concise and stick to what's relevant; don't clog up your letter with pleasantries or irrelevant information. Make sure your spelling and grammar are correct.

What is the best format for a business letter? ›

How To Format a Business Letter
  • Block or indent. In the block format, all elements of the letter are left-aligned. ...
  • Font. Use a professional font such as Arial, Calibri, Times New Roman, Helvetica, etc. ...
  • Margins. A one-inch margin on all four sides of the page is the standard. ...
  • Spacing.
Jun 6, 2023

What is clarity in a business letter? ›

Clarity. Write clear, straight-forward messages using plain language to avoid confusion or misunderstandings. Business writing often relies on block paragraphs and bulleted lists in order to make key information easy to find.

What is a good closing sentence for a business letter? ›

Consider these example final sentences to help you finish your business letter: I look forward to hearing from you soon. I appreciate your input on this matter. Thank you for your understanding, and I will contact you next week with more details.

How to end a letter professionally? ›

Sincerely, Sincerely Yours, Regards, Yours Truly, and Yours Sincerely. These are the simplest and most useful letter closings to use in a formal business setting. These are appropriate in almost all instances and are excellent ways to close a cover letter or a job inquiry.

How to start a letter respectfully? ›

Open with a respectful greeting

Regardless of the content of your letter, try to begin with a friendly and respectful greeting. Use the recipient's full name and open with a salutation such as “dear Miss. Adkins”, followed by “I hope this letter finds you well.”

How to start a business letter? ›

In a business letter, the standard salutation is “Dear.” Begin your letter with “Dear [recipient's name]” and add a comma after the name. You may choose to address the recipient by an honorific paired with their last name or simply by their first and last name.

What is the best tone for a business letter? ›

As Scott Ober suggests in his book Contemporary Business Communication, "The business writer should strive for an overall tone that is confident, courteous, and sincere; that uses emphasis and subordination appropriately; that contains nondiscriminatory language; that stresses the "you" attitude; and that is written at ...

What are the 5 C's of professional writing? ›

For effective communication, remember the 5 C's of communication: clear, cohesive, complete, concise, and concrete. Be Clear about your message, be Cohesive by staying on-topic, Complete your idea with supporting content, be Concise by eliminating unnecessary words, be Concrete by using precise words.

What are the 5 C's used for business? ›

What are the names of the 5 C's? The 5 C's of marketing consist of five aspects that are important to analyze for a business. The 5 C's are company, customers, competitors, collaborators, and climate.

What are the 5 C's of writing good writing? ›

To introduce you to this world of academic writing, in this chapter I suggest that you should focus on five hierarchical characteristics of good writing, or the “5 Cs” of good academic writing, which include Clarity, Cogency, Conventionality, Completeness, and Concision.

What are the C's in business writing? ›

You may not be trying to create a wonder of the world, but effective written business communication probably means a lot to you in your job role. Do humanity proud by keeping the seven Cs in mind: completeness, conciseness, consideration, clarity, concreteness, courtesy, and correctness.

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