Direct and Indirect Interactions (2024)

FAQs

What is direct and indirect interaction? ›

Direct effects, as the name implies, deal with the direct impact of one individual on another when not mediated or transmitted through a third individual. Indirect effects can be defined as the impact of one organism or species on another, mediated or transmitted by a third.

Figure 3: An indirect effect interaction chain, specifically a trophic cascade, in which the predator (bird) has a positive effect on the basal species (plant) via reduction in the abundance of the herbivore (caterpillar).

A classical example of the ubiquity of direct effects (Hesslow 1976) tells the story of a birth-control pill that is suspect of producing thrombosis in women and, at the same time, has a negative indirect effect on thrombosis by reducing the rate of pregnancies (pregnancy is known to encourage thrombosis).

Direct Impacts: Impacts caused by the action. Indirect Impacts: Impacts caused by the action, but that are later in time or farther removed in distance but are still reasonably foreseeable.

Abstract. Indirect interactions occur when the effect of one species on another is mediated by a third species. These interactions occur in most multi-species assemblages and are diverse in their mechanistic pathways.

An interaction between the customer and the provider in real life or online, which is not mediated by another party, such as another provider.

Competition is most typically considered the interaction of individuals that vie for a common resource that is in limited supply, but more generally can be defined as the direct or indirect interaction of organisms that leads to a change in fitness when the organisms share the same resource.

Mutualism can be categorized into direct and indirect mutualism. The former involves direct physical association between the two species, and then indirect mutualism, in which each species benefit from the other's presence but there is no direct contact.

For example, predators may indirectly affect plants by consuming and limiting the density of herbivore populations (density-mediated indirect interactions or DMIIs) or by causing a change in herbivore traits, such as reduced per capita grazing rates (trait-mediated indirect interactions or TMIIs).

Indirect effects occur when the relationship between two variables is mediated by one or more variables. For example, in Fig. 1, school engagement affects educational attainment directly and indirectly via its direct effect on achievement test score.

What is the indirect effect in psychology? ›

An indirect effect model specifies that a causal variable has an effect on an outcome variable via one or more intervening variables called mediators. In one of the earliest known indirect effect theories, Plato proposed that the muse inspires audiences indirectly.

Using the direct approach, you deliver the message straight away after your salutation, whereas a more indirect approach will include some kind of buffer before you deliver your message. Which strategy you choose depends on the situation and the way in which you wish to present your message.

Examples of Direct impact in a sentence

Fire; Explosion; Lightning; Windstorm; Hail; Direct impact of vehicle, aircraft or vessel; Riot or civil commotion; Vandalism or malicious mischief; or accidental discharge of fire protective equipment.

Indirect and induced effects are the economic activity generated by businesses throughout the region, even if they do not have visitors from the festival or event. For example, festivalgoers may not visit a local accountant, but that accountant might have a client who serves festival attendees for their job.

Examples of indirect value include services such as pollination by bees, maintenance of water and oxygen circulation by plants, decomposition of dead matter by bacteria and fungi, worship of various flora and fauna, sacred forests, and the aesthetic beauty of flora and fauna.

Indirect competition occurs when organisms use the same resource, but don't necessarily interact with each other- for example, diurnal cheetahs and nocturnal leopards using the same waterhole in a grassland savanna. Interference competition is when there is a deliberate displacement of individuals by their competitor.

Interactions in Marine Ecosystems

Abstract. The importance of Trait Mediated Indirect Interactions (TMII) is increasingly being recognized. TMII are interactions between two species via a change in trait (behavioural, morphological, but not numerical) over a third one, which together cause ecological dynamics.