differentiation, in mathematics, process of finding the derivative, or rate of change, of a function. In contrast to the abstract nature of the theory behind it, the practical technique of differentiation can be carried out by purely algebraic manipulations, using three basic derivatives, four rules of operation, and a knowledge of how to manipulate functions.
The three basic derivatives (D) are: (1) for algebraic functions, D(xn) = nxn − 1, in which n is any real number; (2) for trigonometric functions, D(sin x) = cos x and D(cos x) = −sin x; and (3) for exponential functions, D(ex) = ex.
For functions built up of combinations of these classes of functions, the theory provides the following basic rules for differentiating the sum, product, or quotient of any two functions f(x) and g(x) the derivatives of which are known (where a and b are constants): D(af + bg) = aDf + bDg (sums); D(fg) = fDg + gDf (products); and D(f/g) = (gDf − fDg)/g2 (quotients).
The other basic rule, called the chain rule, provides a way to differentiate a composite function. If f(x) and g(x) are two functions, the composite function f(g(x)) is calculated for a value of x by first evaluating g(x) and then evaluating the function f at this value of g(x); for instance, if f(x) = sin x and g(x) = x2, then f(g(x)) = sin x2, while g(f(x)) = (sin x)2. The chain rule states that the derivative of a composite function is given by a product, as D(f(g(x))) = Df(g(x)) ∙ Dg(x). In words, the first factor on the right, Df(g(x)), indicates that the derivative of Df(x) is first found as usual, and then x, wherever it occurs, is replaced by the function g(x). In the example of sin x2, the rule gives the result D(sin x2) = Dsin(x2) ∙ D(x2) = (cos x2) ∙ 2x.
In the German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s notation, which uses d/dx in place of D and thus allows differentiation with respect to different variables to be made explicit, the chain rule takes the more memorable “symbolic cancellation” form: d(f(g(x)))/dx = df/dg ∙ dg/dx.
Differentiation is a method of finding the derivative of a function. Differentiation is a process, in Maths, where we find the instantaneous rate of change in function based on one of its variables. The most common example is the rate change of displacement with respect to time, called velocity.
The derivative of a constant is equal to zero. The derivative of a constant multiplied by a function is equal to the constant multiplied by the derivative of the function. The derivative of a sum is equal to the sum of the derivatives. The derivative of a difference is equal to the difference of the derivatives.
In differential calculus, there are three general formulas for differential equations. These are given below: dydx d y d x = f(x) dydx d y d x = f(x, y)
Differentiation is nothing but calculating rate at which a quantity changes. It's basically the slope of curve of a particular function. To give a simple example, the cooling of ice- i.e. we calculate change in temperature with respect to time.
Why is integration and differentiation so hard in maths? - Quora. The problem is that we don't easily understand the “infinite” (basically limits) and mathematically what is a “space”. We are directly taught how to solve the problems without understanding the theory behind it!
The model approaches differentiation through five dimensions, which are 1) teaching arrangements, 2) learning environment, 3) teaching methods, 4) support materials and 5) assessment.
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