Alcohol Flush Reaction: Does Drinking Alcohol Make Your Face Red? (2024)

Some people who drink alcohol experience an unpleasant phenomenon called the alcohol flush reaction. The primary feature of the alcohol flush reaction is a red face—or flush—but it can also be accompanied by hives, nausea, low blood pressure, the worsening of asthma, or an episode of migraine. Of particular significance, the alcohol flush reaction is linked to a higher risk of certain types of cancer.

What causes alcohol flush reaction?

The alcohol flush reaction is a type of alcohol intolerance—not an “alcohol allergy”—and is a condition predominantly due to inherited variations in genes of certain enzymes, causing people to metabolize alcohol less efficiently.

During alcohol metabolism, the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) converts alcohol to acetaldehyde, a toxic molecule. The resulting acetaldehyde is metabolized to nontoxic molecules by another enzyme called aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). If acetaldehyde is not metabolized efficiently, it can cause release of histamine and thereby trigger flushing and other unpleasant symptoms.

Variations in the alcohol dehydrogenase gene, ADH1B, and the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, ALDH2, are well-known variations that lead to higher acetaldehyde levels due to altered alcohol metabolism and are more common among people of East Asian ancestry. People of other races and ethnicities, however, can also carry these variations.

People who take certain medications that alter alcohol metabolism can also experience the alcohol flush reaction. Such medications include those used to treat diabetes, high cholesterol, and infections. In addition, disulfiram, a medication used to treat alcohol use disorder, alters alcohol metabolism so that acetaldehyde builds up when a person drinks alcohol. This causes unpleasant symptoms such as flushing and nausea. The desire to avoid those unpleasant effects can encourage some people to refrain from drinking.

What health problems are associated with the alcohol flush reaction?

People who experience the alcohol flush reaction and who drink alcohol are at higher risk for cancer, including esophageal and breast cancer. The reason for this increased risk is that acetaldehyde is itself carcinogenic.

Can the alcohol flush reaction be prevented?

For individuals carrying gene variations that impair alcohol metabolism, the best way to prevent alcohol flush reaction is to avoid drinking or to limit alcohol intake. Some information found on the Internet suggests taking antihistamines and certain over-the-counter medications to reduce or hinder alcohol flushing, but these medications do not block the damaging effects of acetaldehyde. In fact, hindering alcohol flushing elevates the risk of cancer by enabling higher levels of alcohol consumption and thus higher acetaldehyde production.

Alcohol and Medication Interactions in General

Many over-the-counter and prescription medications can have adverse health consequences when
mixed with alcohol. These medications include many popular painkillers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol); sedative drugs such as diazepam (Valium); and cough, cold, and allergy remedies. People taking medications should read the label and package inserts for possible interactions with alcohol or other drugs, especially if they have multiple drinks on an occasion. People who consume alcohol should ask their doctor or pharmacist about interactions with alcohol and the medications they are taking.

For more information about alcohol and your health and alcohol treatment options, please visit the NIAAA website at https://www.niaaa.nih.gov, Rethinking Drinking at https://www.rethinkingdrinking.niaaa.nih.gov, and the NIAAA Alcohol Treatment Navigator at https://alcoholtreatment.niaaa.nih.gov.

Brooks, P.J.; Enoch, M.A.; Goldman, D.; Li, T.K., Yokoyama, A. The alcohol flushing response: An unrecognized risk factor for esophageal cancer from alcohol consumption. PLOS Med 6(3): e50, 2009. PMID: 19320537

Chen, C.H.; Ferreira, J.C.B.; Joshi, A.U.; Stevens, M.C.; Li, S.J.; Hsu, J.H.M.; Maclean, R.; Ferreira, N.D.; Cervantes, P.R.; Martinez, D.D.; Barrientos, F.L.; Quintanares, G.H.R.; Mochly-Rosena, D. Novel and prevalent non-East Asian ALDH2 variants; Implications for global susceptibility to aldehydes’ toxicity. EBioMedicine. 2020 May; 55: 102753.
PMID: 32403082

Alcohol Flush Reaction: Does Drinking Alcohol Make Your Face Red? (2024)

FAQs

Alcohol Flush Reaction: Does Drinking Alcohol Make Your Face Red? ›

Some people who drink alcohol experience an unpleasant phenomenon called the alcohol flush reaction. The primary feature of the alcohol flush reaction is a red face—or flush—but it can also be accompanied by hives, nausea, low blood pressure, the worsening of asthma, or an episode of migraine.

Can alcohol cause a red face? ›

If your face turns red after a couple glasses of wine, you're not alone. Many people experience facial flushing when they drink alcohol. The technical term for this condition is “alcohol flush reaction.” Most of the time, the flushing happens because you have trouble digesting alcohol completely.

How do I stop my face from going red when I drink alcohol? ›

What do people do about it? Some people who are alcohol intolerant take antihistamines – as you might take for hay fever or another allergy – before drinking alcohol. This can reduce the reddening and relieve any itching or rash, but it doesn't enable the body to get rid of the acetaldehyde more quickly or effectively.

How long does alcohol face flush last? ›

In general, alcohol flush symptoms tend to last relatively short, but the precise timeframe can differ from person to person. Facial flushing, one of the primary symptoms of an alcohol flush reaction, typically occurs shortly after alcohol consumption and can last anywhere from 30 minutes to a few hours.

What are the first signs of liver damage from alcohol? ›

Generally, symptoms of alcoholic liver disease include abdominal pain and tenderness, dry mouth and increased thirst, fatigue, jaundice (which is yellowing of the skin), loss of appetite, and nausea. Your skin may look abnormally dark or light. Your feet or hands may look red.

Why is my face hot and red? ›

What do flushed cheeks indicate? A person can develop flushed cheeks for a variety of reasons, including acne, rosacea, reactions to foods and medications, eczema, lupus, sunburn, and drinking alcohol.

Will my rosacea go away if I stop drinking alcohol? ›

Rosacea sufferers can also have periods where symptoms reduce, if drinking is reduced [5]. However, if an alcoholic's red face is caused by broken capillaries and blood vessels, symptoms will not resolve completely, if at all, after a person stops drinking [8].

Why am I allergic to alcohol all of a sudden? ›

A sudden intolerance to alcohol is possible if you begin using a medication that causes alcohol intolerance or develop a disease that causes it. Most cases of suddenly developed alcohol intolerance occur due to starting a new medicine that causes it.

What are the symptoms of alcohol intolerance? ›

Signs and symptoms of alcohol intolerance — or of a reaction to ingredients in an alcoholic beverage — can include:
  • Facial redness (flushing)
  • Red, itchy skin bumps (hives)
  • Worsening of pre-existing asthma.
  • Runny or stuffy nose.
  • Low blood pressure.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Diarrhea.

What does alcoholic hepatitis look like? ›

The most common sign of alcoholic hepatitis is yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes, called jaundice. The yellowing of the skin might be harder to see on Black and brown people. Other symptoms include: Loss of appetite.

Does alcohol flush get worse with age? ›

In addition, because the activity of this enzyme steadily decreases with aging, older people exhibit decreased alcoholysis and are more likely to display an alcohol flush.

Why does my face go red so easily? ›

It's often caused by feeling embarrassed, hot or anxious. Sometimes other symptoms you have might give you an idea of what's causing it. Some medicines can also cause blushing. Check the side effects of any medicine you're taking to see if blushing or flushing is listed.

Can alcohol cause rosacea? ›

Research suggests that drinking alcohol may increase a person's risk of getting rosacea. A study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology concluded that the women who drank alcohol had a higher risk of developing rosacea than the women who didn't drink.

What is stage 1 liver failure? ›

Stage 1 is inflammation of your liver, caused by your immune system reacting to a foreign substance, like toxins. Chronic inflammation can lead to an enlarged liver. Inflammation can result from fatty liver, hepatitis, and other causes. Stage 2 is liver fibrosis or liver scarring, caused by chronic inflammation.

Will 6 beers a day cause liver damage? ›

Any amount of alcohol can cause liver damage. Drinking more than two drinks per day consistently increases your risk of liver disease. However, the degree of liver damage varies greatly between individuals and there is no “safe” amount of alcohol to drink that cannot potentially cause liver disease.

What is the best drink to repair your liver? ›

Below, we explore 11 drinks that are often reported to support liver health — and tell you what the research says about each one.
  • Detox tea. Liver detox tea usually contains many different herbs and ingredients. ...
  • Green tea. ...
  • Turmeric tea. ...
  • Ginger tea. ...
  • Grapefruit juice. ...
  • Apple cider vinegar. ...
  • Lemon water. ...
  • Cranberry juice.
Mar 1, 2024

Why does my face turn red for no reason? ›

Flushed skin occurs when the blood vessels just below the skin widen and fill with more blood. For most people, occasional flushing is not a cause for concern. It can result from being too hot, exercising, or emotional responses. Flushed skin can also be a side effect of drinking alcohol or taking certain medications.

Does alcoholism cause rosacea? ›

People mistakenly believe anyone with a red face drinks heavily. While researchers have found that drinking alcohol may increase the risk of getting rosacea, it's important to know that: People who never drink alcohol can get rosacea. Alcoholism doesn't cause rosacea.

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